Global Scenario
It is estimated that about 5,00,000 plant species around the globe, around 2,50,000 species are flowering plants and only a small percentage of which have been chemically investigated. In fact, 80 percent population of developing countries depends on traditionally plant-based medicine and even in USA 25% of the prescriptions is plant derived. Plants are renewable resource and a natural asset of immense value conferring many tangible and intangible benefits.

Indian Scenario
India has rich forest wealth and about 50,000 plant species occur in the forests and more than 20,000 medicinal plant being used for health care throughout world. Of which 5,000 plants are known to be utilized in Indian system of medicine. Ethano-botanical studies revealed that about 2,000 plant species are identified as drug yielding for their different use in about 4000 drug industries of various Indian system of medicine, which represent 12% of the Indian flora. About 2500 plant series are known to possess pest control properties. About 70% of medicinal plants are found in tropical area particularly in evergreen moist and dry forest and 30% in temperate and alpine regions. Also about 95% of medicinal plants are collected from forests, of which 70% of collections are done unscientific means.

It is estimated that Ayurvedic industry uses roots (29.6%), whole plant (16.3%),bark (13.5%), flowers (10%), fruit (7.%), leaves (5.8%), steam (5.0%), seeds (5.0%), rhizome (4.0%) and wood (2.8%) in different formulations. Modern pharmacopoeia also contains about 25% drugs derived from plants. The value of the medicinal plant related trade in India is only Rs. 5.5 billion per year in 1997 (as per the export-import bank of India, 1997) as compared to world trade, which is $ 60 billion and is increasing rapidly.

Uttaranchal
The land of Uttaranchal is consisting of 13 districts of the Garhwal and Kumaon regions, spread over a geographical area of 5.35 million ha, which is 1.63% of the land area of the country. It lies between lat. 280 44 and 310 28’ N and long. 770 35’ and 810 01’ E. the state can be divided in to three physiograhic regions viz., the mountains of Himalayas, the Shiwaliks and three plains. The total population of the state is 84.8 million (2001 census). Uttaranchal covers a large area of Himalayan region and has 3.47 million ha which constitute 64.81% forest of its geographic area. By legal status, 68.74%,0.36 and 30.90 of the total land area falls under reserved, protected and unclassed forests. Uttaranchal also possesses 4% of the animal species, 8% of bird and 10% of plant species found in the world.

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